Privacy & ZK Auctions

Zero-knowledge proofs for private auctions and bid confidentiality

Lux ADX uses ZK proofs and TEE to ensure auction integrity without revealing bid values or targeting data.

Privacy Architecture

Advertiser ──► HPKE Encrypt ──► ADX Node ──► TEE Enclave
                                                  │
                                          ZK Proof (no values revealed)
                                                  │
                                            DA Layer (proof stored)

HPKE Bid Encryption

Bids sealed with Hybrid Public Key Encryption. Only the TEE enclave holds the decryption key.

Property	Value
KEM	DHKEM(X25519)
KDF	HKDF-SHA256
AEAD	AES-128-GCM

Halo2 ZK Proofs

After each auction, a proof attests that the winner had the highest bid, the price equals the second-highest bid, all bids met the floor, and no bids were fabricated.

Property	Value
Proof system	Halo2 (no trusted setup)
Generation	Under 500ms
Verification	Under 10ms
Size	~1 KB

TEE Attestation

Backend	Attestation Type
Intel SGX	DCAP remote attestation
AMD SEV	SEV-SNP attestation report
AWS Nitro	Nitro Enclave document

Data Availability

Proofs stored on the DA layer for auditability: local (dev), EIP-4844 (on-chain), Celestia (modular DA), or IPFS (archival).

Attack Resilience

Attack	Defense
Bid snooping	HPKE encryption + TEE isolation
Bid manipulation	ZK proof of correctness
Replay	Nonce tracking per bid
Byzantine nodes	Blocklace equivocation detection
Front-running	TEE time-based sealing